This is because yellow paper were considered more comfortable and easy to read in a dim condition. Kitab gundul was soon referred as kitab kuning, which means yellow book, because mostly the books were published on yellow paper. ![]() Collections of the Islamic texts employed as kitab kuning may vary, depending on the type of institution, individual schools, kyai, and region, with certain prerequisite materials such as Tafsir al-Jalalayn. Therefore, mastering of kitab kuning is considered to require a substantial amount of time. It is also known as kitab gundul (lit: bare book) due to the content in the Arabic language does not employ vowel marks ( harakat), unlike the Qur'an. Coverage of kitab kuning extends from the principles of Islamic jurisprudence ( usul al-fiqh), Islamic creeds ( aqidah), Islamic ethics ( akhlaq), science of Islamic mysticism ( tasawwuf), sciences of Arabic language, science of Qur'anic recitations ( tajwid), hadith studies, tafsir, Qur'anic studies to social sciences. ![]() In IndonesianIslamic education, Kitab kuning (lit: yellow book) refers to the traditional set of the Islamic texts used by the educational curriculum of the Islamic seminary in Indonesia, especially within the madrasahs and pesantrens.
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